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Every third prisoner in Russia is serving time for drug-related crimes. In September, the police planted drugs on a visitor in Zaryadye Park, after which they extorted a bribe from her. A few weeks later, the police detained a police inspector suspected of planting drugs.
Such situations happen more and more often, so the Andrey Rylkov Foundation, together with the Institute for Law Enforcement Problems and the Open Russia online publication, conducted an express survey on the amount of" payoff " for drugs found and the circumstances that affect the amount of a bribe. The Village reviewed the study and asked its authors to comment on the main findings.
The survey was conducted online among people who had experienced paying off police officers in the past five years. A total of 588 questionnaires were received, of which 467 were suitable for the study. Short anonymous interviews were conducted with ten survey participants.
The study showed that the initiative to pay off more often comes from the police (48 %), a little less often - from the person who is being examined (40 %). Most often (38% of cases), the repurchase took place in quiet courtyards or in a car (25 %) in the evening and at night (75 %). Sometimes, if there were no drugs, the police threatened to find them, and in some cases reported them before the time required to open a criminal case.
The average amount paid off by police officers, according to the fund's survey, is 30 thousand rubles. The size is affected by the hierarchy of police officers and the stage of the criminal case. It is cheaper to buy off on the spot, but if the case has already been opened, the amount of the bribe will greatly increase. "At a late stage of the process, it is no longer possible to buy off for less than a few million rubles," the study says.
It also affects the weight and type of substance. The cheapest way to buy off marijuana and hashish, the most expensive - from heroin.
The amount of the bribe is also affected by the city in which the inspection takes place. In St. Petersburg, buying off hashish costs 20 thousand rubles, in Moscow-5 thousand more, for the found marijuana they charge 20 thousand and 30 thousand, respectively. For the" aids " bribe and there and there - 50 thousand rubles. In other cities, the average figures are 10 thousand less than in the capital.
Other factors that affect the size of the payoff are the type of activity of relatives and the appearance of those being examined. For example, if a person "drives a more expensive car, the price tag is several times higher." Sometimes the police demand to show statements from online banks to find out how much money to ask for as a bribe.
"The police themselves determine the ability to pay after checking statements on online banks and cash on hand. You can give 250 [thousand rubles] from the" shelf", you can give 50 [thousand rubles] for three."
You can bargain with the police. A respondent from St. Petersburg said that he agreed to reduce the bribe from 40 thousand rubles to 13 thousand. A similar story was with a resident of Yekaterinburg, who bought off for 20 thousand instead of 100. In some cases, respondents had to pay off with sex or drugs themselves.
"There was a story about how they detained familiar guys in the courtyards of Moscow: everyone had about 100 grams of hashish with them, in the end they were released for 30 thousand and a few grams of the same hashish, the rest was left to the guys."
"Girls are often let in by cops among themselves. I sent my friends to get my weight, and both of them and I should have done it. I didn't have much experience climbing, the cops took it, in the forest. Then the classic is money, not money. Well, the girls didn't have any money. And the girls were allowed in... Got a sidekick on the bookmark. The cops spent five hours driving through the woods, shaking the money. And word for word they told me about the same thing on the stream. I think that's a lot of it."
The idea to conduct the study came in the summer, because there were many publications about the abuse of police officers during Operation Mac and about court cases based on drug planting. Articles began to appear about how a person should behave during detention, respecting their legal rights. But I have been working in the field of drug policy for a long time and I know that the reality is completely different: mostly people use illegal strategies and try to solve the problem by reducing the risk of incarceration as much as possible.
If a drug case is initiated, then the chances that a person will not go to jail are very small. Well, the legislation of the Russian Federation is so arranged that there is not much difference between a person who uses and a person who sells in large quantities.
Currently, a quarter of cases of incarceration in Russia are related to drug crimes: possession and sale. But by selling, I mean a social type of selling, when I took a joint, we smoked, it turns out that I already sold it to you and this is not a drug business, this is a drug deal between friends. But because of our legislation, it is very easy to bring it under a criminal article, which is punished in the same way as violence, robbery and murder.
In Europe, a self-employed person is not at risk of arbitrary arrest, arrest, or extortion. And in Russia, it is easy to intimidate anyone with long terms, and the size of bribes, respectively, is very large. There were stories when people had to pay 500 rubles, and there were-when 3-5 million rubles for re-qualification of the case. Otherwise, a person will be imprisoned in his youth, at the age of 20, for eight years, and this is not a very good prospect.
As for the sexual violence mentioned in the study, there were two cases. One in Yekaterinburg, where a man told how the girls went to get a bookmark, they were detained by police officers -— the detainees had no money, and they were then allowed to go around. In another city, the situation was almost the same. And respondents say that this often happens.
Such situations happen more and more often, so the Andrey Rylkov Foundation, together with the Institute for Law Enforcement Problems and the Open Russia online publication, conducted an express survey on the amount of" payoff " for drugs found and the circumstances that affect the amount of a bribe. The Village reviewed the study and asked its authors to comment on the main findings.
The survey was conducted online among people who had experienced paying off police officers in the past five years. A total of 588 questionnaires were received, of which 467 were suitable for the study. Short anonymous interviews were conducted with ten survey participants.
The study showed that the initiative to pay off more often comes from the police (48 %), a little less often - from the person who is being examined (40 %). Most often (38% of cases), the repurchase took place in quiet courtyards or in a car (25 %) in the evening and at night (75 %). Sometimes, if there were no drugs, the police threatened to find them, and in some cases reported them before the time required to open a criminal case.
The average amount paid off by police officers, according to the fund's survey, is 30 thousand rubles. The size is affected by the hierarchy of police officers and the stage of the criminal case. It is cheaper to buy off on the spot, but if the case has already been opened, the amount of the bribe will greatly increase. "At a late stage of the process, it is no longer possible to buy off for less than a few million rubles," the study says.
It also affects the weight and type of substance. The cheapest way to buy off marijuana and hashish, the most expensive - from heroin.
The amount of the bribe is also affected by the city in which the inspection takes place. In St. Petersburg, buying off hashish costs 20 thousand rubles, in Moscow-5 thousand more, for the found marijuana they charge 20 thousand and 30 thousand, respectively. For the" aids " bribe and there and there - 50 thousand rubles. In other cities, the average figures are 10 thousand less than in the capital.
Other factors that affect the size of the payoff are the type of activity of relatives and the appearance of those being examined. For example, if a person "drives a more expensive car, the price tag is several times higher." Sometimes the police demand to show statements from online banks to find out how much money to ask for as a bribe.
"The police themselves determine the ability to pay after checking statements on online banks and cash on hand. You can give 250 [thousand rubles] from the" shelf", you can give 50 [thousand rubles] for three."
You can bargain with the police. A respondent from St. Petersburg said that he agreed to reduce the bribe from 40 thousand rubles to 13 thousand. A similar story was with a resident of Yekaterinburg, who bought off for 20 thousand instead of 100. In some cases, respondents had to pay off with sex or drugs themselves.
"There was a story about how they detained familiar guys in the courtyards of Moscow: everyone had about 100 grams of hashish with them, in the end they were released for 30 thousand and a few grams of the same hashish, the rest was left to the guys."
"Girls are often let in by cops among themselves. I sent my friends to get my weight, and both of them and I should have done it. I didn't have much experience climbing, the cops took it, in the forest. Then the classic is money, not money. Well, the girls didn't have any money. And the girls were allowed in... Got a sidekick on the bookmark. The cops spent five hours driving through the woods, shaking the money. And word for word they told me about the same thing on the stream. I think that's a lot of it."
The idea to conduct the study came in the summer, because there were many publications about the abuse of police officers during Operation Mac and about court cases based on drug planting. Articles began to appear about how a person should behave during detention, respecting their legal rights. But I have been working in the field of drug policy for a long time and I know that the reality is completely different: mostly people use illegal strategies and try to solve the problem by reducing the risk of incarceration as much as possible.
If a drug case is initiated, then the chances that a person will not go to jail are very small. Well, the legislation of the Russian Federation is so arranged that there is not much difference between a person who uses and a person who sells in large quantities.
Currently, a quarter of cases of incarceration in Russia are related to drug crimes: possession and sale. But by selling, I mean a social type of selling, when I took a joint, we smoked, it turns out that I already sold it to you and this is not a drug business, this is a drug deal between friends. But because of our legislation, it is very easy to bring it under a criminal article, which is punished in the same way as violence, robbery and murder.
In Europe, a self-employed person is not at risk of arbitrary arrest, arrest, or extortion. And in Russia, it is easy to intimidate anyone with long terms, and the size of bribes, respectively, is very large. There were stories when people had to pay 500 rubles, and there were-when 3-5 million rubles for re-qualification of the case. Otherwise, a person will be imprisoned in his youth, at the age of 20, for eight years, and this is not a very good prospect.
As for the sexual violence mentioned in the study, there were two cases. One in Yekaterinburg, where a man told how the girls went to get a bookmark, they were detained by police officers -— the detainees had no money, and they were then allowed to go around. In another city, the situation was almost the same. And respondents say that this often happens.
