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How did matter form in the universe after the Big Bang?
A new study reveals the 3D structure of nuclear resonances. In the mid-20th century, scientists discovered that protons can resonate like the vibrations of a bell. Despite significant advances in the next 30 years, which made it possible to obtain three-dimensional images of the proton, so far little is known about the 3D structure of the resonating proton.
A recent experiment conducted at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States explored in more depth the three-dimensional structures of proton and neutron resonances. These findings add to the overall picture of the chaotic early universe just after the Big Bang.
Studying the basic properties and behavior of nucleons (protons and neutrons that make up the nuclei of atoms) provides key insights into the basic building blocks of matter. When a nucleon is excited to a high-energy state, its quarks rotate and oscillate against each other, which is called the nucleon resonance.
A team of physicists from Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Germany, and the University of Connecticut led the experiment. The results were published in the prestigious journal Physical Review Letters. Stefan Diehl, a leading analyst, emphasized that this experiment opens up a new line of research.
Diehl also discussed how matter began to form in the early universe: "In the beginning, there was only a plasma composition of quarks and gluons. Then excited states of the nucleon began to form. As the universe expanded, it cooled, and nucleons appeared in the ground state."
These studies will help us learn more about the characteristics of these resonances and understand how matter formed in the universe and why the universe exists in its current form.
The study was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.
A new study reveals the 3D structure of nuclear resonances. In the mid-20th century, scientists discovered that protons can resonate like the vibrations of a bell. Despite significant advances in the next 30 years, which made it possible to obtain three-dimensional images of the proton, so far little is known about the 3D structure of the resonating proton.
A recent experiment conducted at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States explored in more depth the three-dimensional structures of proton and neutron resonances. These findings add to the overall picture of the chaotic early universe just after the Big Bang.
Studying the basic properties and behavior of nucleons (protons and neutrons that make up the nuclei of atoms) provides key insights into the basic building blocks of matter. When a nucleon is excited to a high-energy state, its quarks rotate and oscillate against each other, which is called the nucleon resonance.
A team of physicists from Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Germany, and the University of Connecticut led the experiment. The results were published in the prestigious journal Physical Review Letters. Stefan Diehl, a leading analyst, emphasized that this experiment opens up a new line of research.
Diehl also discussed how matter began to form in the early universe: "In the beginning, there was only a plasma composition of quarks and gluons. Then excited states of the nucleon began to form. As the universe expanded, it cooled, and nucleons appeared in the ground state."
These studies will help us learn more about the characteristics of these resonances and understand how matter formed in the universe and why the universe exists in its current form.
The study was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.
