This article will cover all types of proxy servers.
HTTP proxy - works over the http protocol and performs the caching function.
Degrees of Anonymity:
Transparent, Distorting, Anonymous, Elite.
A chain of HTTP proxies can only be built if they support the CONNECT method, i.e. building a chain using a special program.
HTTPS proxies (also known as CONNECT) are proxies that support HTTP 1.1, which in turn has two specifications - RFC 2616 and the outdated RFC 2068. They differ in the fact that in the spec. RFC 2616 documents the CONNECT method.
All of these proxy subtypes have the same capability – they can work using the CONNECT method (in addition to GET / POST). The difference between the subtypes is solely in the settings of proxy server programs:
- If the proxy server settings allow connection by the CONNECT method to port 443 (https:// addresses), then this is an HTTPS proxy;
- If the proxy server settings allow connection by the CONNECT method to any ports (not counting 443 and 25), then it is called CONNECT proxy (in ICQ, such a proxy is called HTTP proxy);
- If the proxy server settings allow connection using the CONNECT method to port 25 (mail service), then it can be used to send mail and such a proxy is called mail-enabled, or 2 5 port enabled, or a proxy with an open port 25.
FTP proxy - works over the ftp protocol and is intended for anonymous site (server) management. All ftp proxies are anonymous because the FTP protocol does not provide for a proxy.
There are no FTP proxies in the public domain. It is not possible to build a chain from FTP proxies.
A CGI proxy (web anonymizer) is a page on the site where the url is entered, and it outputs the specified page. However, the address of this page (specified in the address field) will be different from your computer's point of view - something like
From the point of view of anonymity, CGI proxies are the same as HTTP proxies. In "mixed" chains, this type of proxy can only come in last place.
Personally, I do not consider this type of proxy to be a proxy.
SOCKS - This type of proxy has 2 specifications: Socks 4 uses the TCP protocol, and Socks 5 supports TCP, UDP, authorization, and remote DNS query. Socks by its very nature is really anonymous (because it works directly with TCP). This type of proxy can be used to build a chain. Sox is the best way to stay anonymous online.
Proxy Anonymity
Everyone knows that when the client interacts with the server, the client sends some information to the server (mostly the browser transmits it, but the proxy can also add something "from itself"). This means the name and version of the operating system, the name and version of the browser, browser settings (screen resolution, color depth, java / javascript support,...), the client's IP address (if a proxy is used, then the proxy server is replaced with IP proxy), whether the proxy server is used (if a proxy is used, then the client's IP - this is the IP proxy-added by the proxy server), if a proxy is used, then your real IP address (added by the proxy server) and much more…
This information is passed in the form of environment variables.
I will focus only on those related to anonymity.
So, if the proxy is not used, then the environment variables look like this:
REMOTE_ADDR = Your IP ADDRESS
HTTP_VIA = not defined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not defined
Transparent proxies do not hide information about the real IP address:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = Real IP
Anonymous proxies (anon) do not hide the fact that a proxy is used, but they change the real IP to their own:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = IP proxy
Distorting proxies do not hide the fact that a proxy server is being used. However, the real IP address is replaced with another one (in general, an arbitrary or random one).:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = random IP
Elite proxies (elite, high anon) not only change the IP address, but also hide even the fact of using a proxy server:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = not defined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not defined
The article is written to avoid "stupid" questions in the section.
Author: HAWK.
HTTP proxy - works over the http protocol and performs the caching function.
Degrees of Anonymity:
Transparent, Distorting, Anonymous, Elite.
A chain of HTTP proxies can only be built if they support the CONNECT method, i.e. building a chain using a special program.
HTTPS proxies (also known as CONNECT) are proxies that support HTTP 1.1, which in turn has two specifications - RFC 2616 and the outdated RFC 2068. They differ in the fact that in the spec. RFC 2616 documents the CONNECT method.
All of these proxy subtypes have the same capability – they can work using the CONNECT method (in addition to GET / POST). The difference between the subtypes is solely in the settings of proxy server programs:
- If the proxy server settings allow connection by the CONNECT method to port 443 (https:// addresses), then this is an HTTPS proxy;
- If the proxy server settings allow connection by the CONNECT method to any ports (not counting 443 and 25), then it is called CONNECT proxy (in ICQ, such a proxy is called HTTP proxy);
- If the proxy server settings allow connection using the CONNECT method to port 25 (mail service), then it can be used to send mail and such a proxy is called mail-enabled, or 2 5 port enabled, or a proxy with an open port 25.
FTP proxy - works over the ftp protocol and is intended for anonymous site (server) management. All ftp proxies are anonymous because the FTP protocol does not provide for a proxy.
There are no FTP proxies in the public domain. It is not possible to build a chain from FTP proxies.
A CGI proxy (web anonymizer) is a page on the site where the url is entered, and it outputs the specified page. However, the address of this page (specified in the address field) will be different from your computer's point of view - something like
Code:
http://www.cgi-proxy.com/http/www.your-url.com/path/From the point of view of anonymity, CGI proxies are the same as HTTP proxies. In "mixed" chains, this type of proxy can only come in last place.
Personally, I do not consider this type of proxy to be a proxy.
SOCKS - This type of proxy has 2 specifications: Socks 4 uses the TCP protocol, and Socks 5 supports TCP, UDP, authorization, and remote DNS query. Socks by its very nature is really anonymous (because it works directly with TCP). This type of proxy can be used to build a chain. Sox is the best way to stay anonymous online.
Proxy Anonymity
Everyone knows that when the client interacts with the server, the client sends some information to the server (mostly the browser transmits it, but the proxy can also add something "from itself"). This means the name and version of the operating system, the name and version of the browser, browser settings (screen resolution, color depth, java / javascript support,...), the client's IP address (if a proxy is used, then the proxy server is replaced with IP proxy), whether the proxy server is used (if a proxy is used, then the client's IP - this is the IP proxy-added by the proxy server), if a proxy is used, then your real IP address (added by the proxy server) and much more…
This information is passed in the form of environment variables.
I will focus only on those related to anonymity.
So, if the proxy is not used, then the environment variables look like this:
REMOTE_ADDR = Your IP ADDRESS
HTTP_VIA = not defined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not defined
Transparent proxies do not hide information about the real IP address:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = Real IP
Anonymous proxies (anon) do not hide the fact that a proxy is used, but they change the real IP to their own:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = IP proxy
Distorting proxies do not hide the fact that a proxy server is being used. However, the real IP address is replaced with another one (in general, an arbitrary or random one).:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = IP or proxy name (proxy server is used)
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = random IP
Elite proxies (elite, high anon) not only change the IP address, but also hide even the fact of using a proxy server:
REMOTE_ADDR = IP proxy
HTTP_VIA = not defined
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = not defined
The article is written to avoid "stupid" questions in the section.
Author: HAWK.
