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The physical characteristics of a plastic payment card are specified by the ISO / IEC 7810 standard "Identification cards - physical characteristics". This standard defines the physical rating for three types of ID cards named ID-1, ID-2 and ID-3. The ID-1 card type determines the generally accepted size and shape of a bank plastic card. ID-2 and ID-3 cards are large, but the rest of the physical characteristics coincide with ID-1 cards.
As shown in fig. 1.2, the ID-1 ID card is a rectangle 85.595 ± 0.125 mm wide, 53.975 ± 0.055 mm high, and 0.760 ± 0.008 mm thick. The radius of the circle at the corners of the rectangle is 3.18 mm.
The ISO / IEC 7810 standard imposes severe restrictions on the allowable deformation of the card, especially near the area in which the magnetic
Thickness 0.76mm
Rice. 1.2. Dimensions of identification card ID-1
band. Compliance with the requirements of this standard guarantees that when the ID-1 card is placed in a reader or imprinter ("printing press"), the information from the magnetic stripe will be read reliably, and the embossed (embossed) numbers will give a reliable impression. This will not cause any physical harm to the card, for example, distortion of its shape.
The ISO / IEC 7810 standard also specifies the characteristics of the material from which the ID-1 identification card is made. The standard requires the card to be composed of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride acetate, or "materials of equal or better performance." The criteria for determining the quality of the material from which the card is made are formulated in terms of the allowable deformation of the card. The ISO / IEC 7810 standard requires that after one side of a card is bent upwards by 35 mm (which corresponds to approximately half the card's width), it returns to its original flat state with a deviation of within 1.5 mm.
Interestingly, the durability of the card is not stipulated by the ISO / IEC standards and is determined by "mutual agreement between the card issuer and the manufacturer."
The ISO / IEC 7811 standard, built on the basis of the ISO / IEC 7810 standard, specifies how information on an identification card is encoded using embossing and magnetic stripe recording techniques. This specification is divided into five parts:
This property of the blank is used when rolling the slip in the imprinter. A card is put into the imprinter, a slip is placed on it, which is rolled from above with rollers. As a result, the symbols embossed on the plastic leave prints on the slip. One copy of the slip is given to the cardholder, the other remains at the merchant's cashier (or cash pick-up point) as a basis for receiving reimbursement for the operation, the third is handed over to the servicing bank as proof of the merchant's execution of the transaction and the merchant's request for reimbursement.
Embossed symbols are also used to visually identify the personal data of the cardholder. Therefore, these symbols are tinted with a special paint, usually silver, black or gold.
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811-1 standard specifies acceptable embossing characteristics, including embossed character height (0.46 to 0.48 mm), embossed character spacing (2.54 to 3.63 mm), and character size ( 4.32 mm).
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811 standard defines the location of characters when embossed on an ID-1 card, as well as the location of magnetic stripes. As shown in fig. 1.3, two zones are defined for embossing. The first, with a middle line at a height of 21.42 mm from the bottom edge of the card, is located just below the middle line of the card and allows 19 imprints of ID numbers.
Embossed symbols on the face of the card
Magnetic stripe on the back of the card
Embossing area for account number
Embossing area of characters: four rows of 26 characters
Rice. 1.3. Embossing and magnetic stripe location
MasterCard ^? 9
card identification number. Immediately below it is an additional embossing zone measuring about 14.53x66.04 mm. In this zone, four rows of 26 characters each can be used to form the name and address field. The zone is at least 2.41 mm from the bottom edge of the card, and 7.65 mm from the left edge. Embossed symbols have a bulge towards the face of the card.
If the card contains a magnetic stripe, then it is located at the top edge of the back of the card. The standard does not overlap the magnetic stripe and embossing areas.
Among the financial data embossed on the card, the most important is the identification number of the card. It is a sequence of numbers and is defined by the ISO / IEC 7812 standard. It should be noted that the card identification number is equivalent to the Primary Account Number (PAN), which is introduced by the ISO / IEC 4909 standard. Therefore, in the following we will refer to PAN as an identification number card, calling it the card number.
The PAN card number is no more than 19 decimal digits in length and consists of three parts: the Issuer Identification Number (IIN), the account identification number and the verification character.
Issuer identification number consists of six digits. The first digit of the IIN is the Major Industry Identifier, which indicates the industry of the card issuer:
In the banking community, the IIN is called Bank Identification Number or BIN. At the same time, most BIN values start with the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6. The first BIN digits were at one time distributed among the largest payment systems in order to facilitate electronic recognition of the card's membership in one or another payment association. For example, digit 4 is reserved as the first digit of the BIN of VISA cards, digits from the range 51-55 - for the first digits of the BIN of MasterCard cards, digits 34 and 37 - for the first digits of the BIN of American Express cards. Maestro card numbers start with 6.
The following PAN digits (up to and including the penultimate digit, maximum 12 digits) represent the customer's account identification number.
Finally, the last digit of the card number is a check character calculated from all the remaining digits of the identification number using an algorithm called the Luhn (or Luhn Check Parity) formula defined in the ANSI / ISO / IEC 7812 annex.
In addition to the card number, other data embossed on the card include the card's validity period and the name of its holder. The validity period of the card determines the month and year after which the card is considered invalid.
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811-2 standard defines the recording methods used to encode characters on the magnetic stripe of an ID-1 card. The magnetic stripe of the card can store the recorded data in three tracks. The first and second tracks are intended only for reading the information recorded on them. The third track is used to read / write information related to transaction processing. The first and second track formats are defined in the ISO / IEC 7813 standard. The third track format is defined in the ISO / IEC 4909 standard.
The first track can contain up to 79 alphanumeric characters, encoded at 8.27 b / mm (210 bpi). The second track can accommodate up to 40 alphanumeric characters, encoded at 2.95 b / mm (75 bpi). The first and second tracks are intended to store the identification information of the card, once recorded on them, for the purpose of its multiple reading during the execution of transactions.
The third track is a means of storing rewritable information for the purpose of reading and modifying it during transaction processing. It can hold up to 107 characters, encoded at 8.27 bits / mm (210 bits per inch).
MasterCard
^? 9
The content of each track includes a Long Redundancy Control symbol that can be used by a card reader to detect errors in information read from the card. For more details on the contents of the records of the magnetic tracks of the card, see p. 1.3.
The logo of the financial institution and the trademark of the payment system are printed on the front side of the card. In addition, a hologram of a payment system is usually placed here, and special elements visible only in ultraviolet rays may also be present. On the front side of the chip (microprocessor) card there is a microcircuit, the location of which is defined in the ISO 7816-1 standard.
On the back of the card, under the magnetic stripe, there is a signature panel on which the card holder leaves his signature. The panel is made of a special material. As a result, any attempt to modify the signature will become obvious - large letters appear on the signature panel with the inscription VOID (invalid, canceled).
On the signature panel, the issuer has the ability to post additional information. As a rule, such information is a special three-digit code CVC2 / CW2, used in voice authorization operations and CNP transactions, as well as the card number (or part of it).
There is sometimes a photograph of the cardholder on the back of the card.
The appearance of the microprocessor card is shown in Fig. 1.11.
As shown in fig. 1.2, the ID-1 ID card is a rectangle 85.595 ± 0.125 mm wide, 53.975 ± 0.055 mm high, and 0.760 ± 0.008 mm thick. The radius of the circle at the corners of the rectangle is 3.18 mm.
The ISO / IEC 7810 standard imposes severe restrictions on the allowable deformation of the card, especially near the area in which the magnetic
Thickness 0.76mm
Rice. 1.2. Dimensions of identification card ID-1
band. Compliance with the requirements of this standard guarantees that when the ID-1 card is placed in a reader or imprinter ("printing press"), the information from the magnetic stripe will be read reliably, and the embossed (embossed) numbers will give a reliable impression. This will not cause any physical harm to the card, for example, distortion of its shape.
The ISO / IEC 7810 standard also specifies the characteristics of the material from which the ID-1 identification card is made. The standard requires the card to be composed of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride acetate, or "materials of equal or better performance." The criteria for determining the quality of the material from which the card is made are formulated in terms of the allowable deformation of the card. The ISO / IEC 7810 standard requires that after one side of a card is bent upwards by 35 mm (which corresponds to approximately half the card's width), it returns to its original flat state with a deviation of within 1.5 mm.
Interestingly, the durability of the card is not stipulated by the ISO / IEC standards and is determined by "mutual agreement between the card issuer and the manufacturer."
The ISO / IEC 7811 standard, built on the basis of the ISO / IEC 7810 standard, specifies how information on an identification card is encoded using embossing and magnetic stripe recording techniques. This specification is divided into five parts:
- embossing (recording method);
- magnetic stripe (recording method);
- location of symbols when stamping on the ID-1 card;
- the location of the read-only magnetic tracks (tracks 1 and 2);
- the location of the tracks used for reading / writing (track 3).
This property of the blank is used when rolling the slip in the imprinter. A card is put into the imprinter, a slip is placed on it, which is rolled from above with rollers. As a result, the symbols embossed on the plastic leave prints on the slip. One copy of the slip is given to the cardholder, the other remains at the merchant's cashier (or cash pick-up point) as a basis for receiving reimbursement for the operation, the third is handed over to the servicing bank as proof of the merchant's execution of the transaction and the merchant's request for reimbursement.
Embossed symbols are also used to visually identify the personal data of the cardholder. Therefore, these symbols are tinted with a special paint, usually silver, black or gold.
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811-1 standard specifies acceptable embossing characteristics, including embossed character height (0.46 to 0.48 mm), embossed character spacing (2.54 to 3.63 mm), and character size ( 4.32 mm).
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811 standard defines the location of characters when embossed on an ID-1 card, as well as the location of magnetic stripes. As shown in fig. 1.3, two zones are defined for embossing. The first, with a middle line at a height of 21.42 mm from the bottom edge of the card, is located just below the middle line of the card and allows 19 imprints of ID numbers.
Embossed symbols on the face of the card
Magnetic stripe on the back of the card
Embossing area for account number
Embossing area of characters: four rows of 26 characters
Rice. 1.3. Embossing and magnetic stripe location
MasterCard ^? 9
card identification number. Immediately below it is an additional embossing zone measuring about 14.53x66.04 mm. In this zone, four rows of 26 characters each can be used to form the name and address field. The zone is at least 2.41 mm from the bottom edge of the card, and 7.65 mm from the left edge. Embossed symbols have a bulge towards the face of the card.
If the card contains a magnetic stripe, then it is located at the top edge of the back of the card. The standard does not overlap the magnetic stripe and embossing areas.
Among the financial data embossed on the card, the most important is the identification number of the card. It is a sequence of numbers and is defined by the ISO / IEC 7812 standard. It should be noted that the card identification number is equivalent to the Primary Account Number (PAN), which is introduced by the ISO / IEC 4909 standard. Therefore, in the following we will refer to PAN as an identification number card, calling it the card number.
The PAN card number is no more than 19 decimal digits in length and consists of three parts: the Issuer Identification Number (IIN), the account identification number and the verification character.
Issuer identification number consists of six digits. The first digit of the IIN is the Major Industry Identifier, which indicates the industry of the card issuer:
- 0 - a feature reserved to indicate a new industry affiliation;
- 1 - airlines;
- 2 - airlines and other future industries;
- 3 - tourism and entertainment;
- 4 - banking / financial transactions;
- 5 - banking / financial transactions;
- 6 - trading / banking operations;
- 7 - refueling operations;
- 8 - telecommunications and other industries;
- 9 - determined by national standards bodies.
In the banking community, the IIN is called Bank Identification Number or BIN. At the same time, most BIN values start with the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6. The first BIN digits were at one time distributed among the largest payment systems in order to facilitate electronic recognition of the card's membership in one or another payment association. For example, digit 4 is reserved as the first digit of the BIN of VISA cards, digits from the range 51-55 - for the first digits of the BIN of MasterCard cards, digits 34 and 37 - for the first digits of the BIN of American Express cards. Maestro card numbers start with 6.
The following PAN digits (up to and including the penultimate digit, maximum 12 digits) represent the customer's account identification number.
Finally, the last digit of the card number is a check character calculated from all the remaining digits of the identification number using an algorithm called the Luhn (or Luhn Check Parity) formula defined in the ANSI / ISO / IEC 7812 annex.
In addition to the card number, other data embossed on the card include the card's validity period and the name of its holder. The validity period of the card determines the month and year after which the card is considered invalid.
The ANSI / ISO / IEC 7811-2 standard defines the recording methods used to encode characters on the magnetic stripe of an ID-1 card. The magnetic stripe of the card can store the recorded data in three tracks. The first and second tracks are intended only for reading the information recorded on them. The third track is used to read / write information related to transaction processing. The first and second track formats are defined in the ISO / IEC 7813 standard. The third track format is defined in the ISO / IEC 4909 standard.
The first track can contain up to 79 alphanumeric characters, encoded at 8.27 b / mm (210 bpi). The second track can accommodate up to 40 alphanumeric characters, encoded at 2.95 b / mm (75 bpi). The first and second tracks are intended to store the identification information of the card, once recorded on them, for the purpose of its multiple reading during the execution of transactions.
The third track is a means of storing rewritable information for the purpose of reading and modifying it during transaction processing. It can hold up to 107 characters, encoded at 8.27 bits / mm (210 bits per inch).
MasterCard
^? 9
The content of each track includes a Long Redundancy Control symbol that can be used by a card reader to detect errors in information read from the card. For more details on the contents of the records of the magnetic tracks of the card, see p. 1.3.
The logo of the financial institution and the trademark of the payment system are printed on the front side of the card. In addition, a hologram of a payment system is usually placed here, and special elements visible only in ultraviolet rays may also be present. On the front side of the chip (microprocessor) card there is a microcircuit, the location of which is defined in the ISO 7816-1 standard.
On the back of the card, under the magnetic stripe, there is a signature panel on which the card holder leaves his signature. The panel is made of a special material. As a result, any attempt to modify the signature will become obvious - large letters appear on the signature panel with the inscription VOID (invalid, canceled).
On the signature panel, the issuer has the ability to post additional information. As a rule, such information is a special three-digit code CVC2 / CW2, used in voice authorization operations and CNP transactions, as well as the card number (or part of it).
There is sometimes a photograph of the cardholder on the back of the card.
The appearance of the microprocessor card is shown in Fig. 1.11.
