The first thing that comes to the mind of most people when the word "clip" is a rapidly changing video sequence from MTV or MUZtv, most often with loosely connected images. And in this view, we have not gone very far - "clip" comes from the English "clip", which means "to make clippings from newspapers or films." By cutting out the main points and putting them into a common story, the editor makes it easier for the viewer to understand and shows the big picture, without delving into the topic proposed to him. Clip thinking works according to the same principles as video clips, that is, a person perceives the surrounding reality as a sequence of unrelated phenomena, and not as a homogeneous structure, which implies the interconnection of all particles.
In the late 90s, when the "Pepsi generation" gave way to the generation of gadgets, the head. Head of the Department of Educational Psychology and Pedagogy of Moscow State University, Andrei Podolsky asked about the influence of mass media, cinema and the Internet, which has just begun to gain popularity, on modern youth. He conducted an experiment with two groups of students. One group was asked to read texts describing the problem of a certain girl, while the other group was shown videos with similar content. It turned out that those guys who watched the video had a level of understanding six times higher than that of the group of respondents in the traditional way. The picture was able not only to replace the text, but also surpassed it. Andrey Podolsky commented on the results of his experiment as follows:
It is increasingly difficult for people in our time to reason and think logically, to look for new and unexpected solutions, because we live in a huge information field, where the necessary information can be obtained with one click or an ordinary voice command. The inability to analyze information is a consequence of the fact that its image does not linger in thoughts for a long time and is quickly replaced by another, as when switching channels or watching the news.
Producers of consumer information have learned to adapt to modern people and are investing huge amounts of money in the development of the film industry and books, resorting to simpler texts filled with shortened phrases with weak logical connections.
Clip thinking is no less convenient for commerce and advertising. Advertising is aimed at emotions, not comprehension, so it is much easier to appeal to the "lower" of people and be sure that this is what will attract a potential buyer.
In 2010, the Russian philosopher and culturologist KG Frumkin identified 5 main reasons for the emergence of clip thinking:
Recently, on the pages of the media, information has often been found that "clip-like" has a detrimental effect on modern society and is one of the acute social problems. However, everything is not so simple. Clip thinking is a very complex and diverse phenomenon, which has both positive and negative phenomenon sides.
Clip thinking is an acquired quality that is formed on the basis of changing conditions of existence and the rhythm of life. The peculiarities of "clip" are the speed of data processing, the prevalence of visual perception, problems with the perception of a long linear sequence and homogeneous information. This is directly opposite to the conceptual thinking described by LS Vygotsky, which allows a person to find and highlight the essential features of objects, easily delve into information and carry out its analytical review. Anyone who has a conceptual type of thinking thoroughly studies and analyzes information, but because of this time it takes more processing. Such people are often called "people of the book" by psychologists.
In conditions of an accelerated rhythm, a person needs to be multitasking and able to perform several actions at the same time. Information comes in chaotic streams, and a person does not always have time for deep and focused analysis.
As the psychologist notes, the author of the book “Master of Life. Psychological protection in society" S. Yu. Klichnikov, in this case, clip thinking acts as a" filter "before information overloads.
Yes, a person with clip thinking becomes able to perceive only brief information, but let us recall the words of the great classic LN Tolstoy:
On the one hand, the use of clip thinking helps a person to memorize information faster, which can help him, for example, in learning foreign languages or quickly memorizing small amounts of data. On the other hand, the candidate of psychological sciences Tatyana Viktorovna Semenovskikh in her research emphasizes that it only helps to remember certain "markers" - terms, words, but does not give a general understanding.
Another positive quality possessed by people with clip thinking is multitasking, which the famous American psychologist L. Rosen writes about in his book “I, My Space and I: Raising the Network Generation”. He notes that children of the "Apple generation" can simultaneously learn lessons, listen to music, explore social networks and talk on Skype. However, the reasonable consequences of multitasking are distraction and overactiveness.
Valery Opoitsev, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, professor at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, in his mini-lecture says that there is nothing fundamentally terrible in clip thinking. In the modern world, people with clip thinking leave those "depths" at which they are simply not interested, and are content with superficial facts. However, in his opinion, even science and civilization are superficial. As the professor notes, the Austrian mathematician K. Gödel spoke about this back in the 20th century in his theory of incompleteness, the meaning of which boils down to the fact that even if we describe the obvious truths and try to build the entire system of knowledge on them, there will still be statements that cannot be confirmed or refuted. It turns out that even science does not go down "deep enough", but only strives for this.
Therefore, according to VI In addition, he notes that new living conditions have always required new ways of processing information, and clip thinking is a natural response to the increased pace and penetration of different types of information into all spheres of life.
Nevertheless, clip thinking is far from harmless - there are obvious negative sides to this phenomenon.
So, in the "Dictionary of a Practical Psychologist" S.Yu. Golovin comes across information that, in contrast to conceptual thinking, clip art is characterized by the absence of "context". A person does not rely on previously collected information and does not analyze it, relying on semantic connections between phenomena that exist in the context. A person with clip thinking has difficulty understanding the overall picture, and as a result, he perceives only fragmentary information that he is not able to compare with another. Let's take the simplest example - a person with a passion for politics is able to combine the news broadcasts they have watched into a big picture. A person who is not so much interested in this will not be able to understand the causes and effects of the phenomena, because they will appear to him as scattered, and he will not see the connections between them. A person with clip thinking does not see these connections, because his usual way of perceiving information does not allow them to form spontaneously. This is reflected in human activities. Thus, K. Rogers spoke about the connection between personal experience and behavior in phenotypological theory. He believed that human behavior determines his experience, namely the subjective interpretation of phenomena. He also supported the idea that a person behaves like an integral organism and cannot be reduced to separate parts of the personality. This means that the consequences of the dominance of clip thinking can be seen at all levels of an individual's existence. namely, the subjective interpretation of phenomena. He also supported the idea that a person behaves like an integral organism and cannot be reduced to separate parts of the personality.
In the article "Is Google Making Us Stupider?" Nicholas Carr notes that the transition from holistic thinking to clip-based thinking speaks of the fragmentation of consciousness.
In order not to become a hostage of clip thinking, a huge number of methods and trainings devoted to concentration of attention are being developed. Researchers suggest analyzing even seemingly obvious things on a daily basis. In this case, the most accessible method for us is reading. It allows you to see the entire context and offers the opportunity to analyze the information received yourself.
There is another technique developed by LI Yastrebova for the development of their own thinking. It is based on the "Analyze-Structure-Systemize-Synthesize-Analyze" work algorithm, which assumes:
This mechanism is relevant for people of all ages. To understand it better, let's say you bought a Lego set. The first thing you start with, reading the instructions, is analysis. Then you lay out bricks to bricks, windows - separately, doors to doors, and so on - this is structuring. Synthesis - the realization that the wall should not be too small for windows to fit into it. After that, you collect a house from all the elements - this is a synthesis. And the last thing you do: evaluate the resulting structure, compare it with what was on the box.
So, it is not at all surprising that in the age of Instagram and Twitter, people find it easier to perceive short information or even just a set of pictures than to read long texts, perceive context or synthesize information from scraps. Some media have adapted to the changing rhythm of life and have learned to present information in the form in which the reader is most likely to notice it - less text, more funny pictures in the preview. Someone will ask: "Well, I only read news headlines and like to relax in the evening, leafing through VKontakte public pages, is it really so scary?" No, this is not scary, but attention, like the same muscles, needs training. As Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabri write in their book The Invisible Gorilla, or The Story of How Deceiving Our Intuitions are, if we only perceive superficial labels, attention will become scattered and it will be more and more difficult for us to assimilate new information. It is necessary to be able to adapt to the modern world and accept the conditions of the "game", without losing passion and desire to learn and analyze. Replacing Twitter with LiveJournal is already a huge progress in the fight against clip art. Modern technologies help us make life easier, simplify many tasks, but do we really need to simplify the work of our brain?
In the late 90s, when the "Pepsi generation" gave way to the generation of gadgets, the head. Head of the Department of Educational Psychology and Pedagogy of Moscow State University, Andrei Podolsky asked about the influence of mass media, cinema and the Internet, which has just begun to gain popularity, on modern youth. He conducted an experiment with two groups of students. One group was asked to read texts describing the problem of a certain girl, while the other group was shown videos with similar content. It turned out that those guys who watched the video had a level of understanding six times higher than that of the group of respondents in the traditional way. The picture was able not only to replace the text, but also surpassed it. Andrey Podolsky commented on the results of his experiment as follows:
It is increasingly difficult for people in our time to reason and think logically, to look for new and unexpected solutions, because we live in a huge information field, where the necessary information can be obtained with one click or an ordinary voice command. The inability to analyze information is a consequence of the fact that its image does not linger in thoughts for a long time and is quickly replaced by another, as when switching channels or watching the news.
Producers of consumer information have learned to adapt to modern people and are investing huge amounts of money in the development of the film industry and books, resorting to simpler texts filled with shortened phrases with weak logical connections.
Clip thinking is no less convenient for commerce and advertising. Advertising is aimed at emotions, not comprehension, so it is much easier to appeal to the "lower" of people and be sure that this is what will attract a potential buyer.
In 2010, the Russian philosopher and culturologist KG Frumkin identified 5 main reasons for the emergence of clip thinking:
- Development of modern technologies, and, accordingly, an increase in the information flow;
- The need to accept more information;
- Multitasking;
- Accelerating the pace of life and trying to keep up with everything in order to keep abreast of events;
- The growth of democracy and dialogue at different levels of the social system.
Recently, on the pages of the media, information has often been found that "clip-like" has a detrimental effect on modern society and is one of the acute social problems. However, everything is not so simple. Clip thinking is a very complex and diverse phenomenon, which has both positive and negative phenomenon sides.
Clip thinking is an acquired quality that is formed on the basis of changing conditions of existence and the rhythm of life. The peculiarities of "clip" are the speed of data processing, the prevalence of visual perception, problems with the perception of a long linear sequence and homogeneous information. This is directly opposite to the conceptual thinking described by LS Vygotsky, which allows a person to find and highlight the essential features of objects, easily delve into information and carry out its analytical review. Anyone who has a conceptual type of thinking thoroughly studies and analyzes information, but because of this time it takes more processing. Such people are often called "people of the book" by psychologists.
In conditions of an accelerated rhythm, a person needs to be multitasking and able to perform several actions at the same time. Information comes in chaotic streams, and a person does not always have time for deep and focused analysis.
As the psychologist notes, the author of the book “Master of Life. Psychological protection in society" S. Yu. Klichnikov, in this case, clip thinking acts as a" filter "before information overloads.
Yes, a person with clip thinking becomes able to perceive only brief information, but let us recall the words of the great classic LN Tolstoy:
On the one hand, the use of clip thinking helps a person to memorize information faster, which can help him, for example, in learning foreign languages or quickly memorizing small amounts of data. On the other hand, the candidate of psychological sciences Tatyana Viktorovna Semenovskikh in her research emphasizes that it only helps to remember certain "markers" - terms, words, but does not give a general understanding.
Another positive quality possessed by people with clip thinking is multitasking, which the famous American psychologist L. Rosen writes about in his book “I, My Space and I: Raising the Network Generation”. He notes that children of the "Apple generation" can simultaneously learn lessons, listen to music, explore social networks and talk on Skype. However, the reasonable consequences of multitasking are distraction and overactiveness.
Valery Opoitsev, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, professor at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, in his mini-lecture says that there is nothing fundamentally terrible in clip thinking. In the modern world, people with clip thinking leave those "depths" at which they are simply not interested, and are content with superficial facts. However, in his opinion, even science and civilization are superficial. As the professor notes, the Austrian mathematician K. Gödel spoke about this back in the 20th century in his theory of incompleteness, the meaning of which boils down to the fact that even if we describe the obvious truths and try to build the entire system of knowledge on them, there will still be statements that cannot be confirmed or refuted. It turns out that even science does not go down "deep enough", but only strives for this.
Therefore, according to VI In addition, he notes that new living conditions have always required new ways of processing information, and clip thinking is a natural response to the increased pace and penetration of different types of information into all spheres of life.
Nevertheless, clip thinking is far from harmless - there are obvious negative sides to this phenomenon.
So, in the "Dictionary of a Practical Psychologist" S.Yu. Golovin comes across information that, in contrast to conceptual thinking, clip art is characterized by the absence of "context". A person does not rely on previously collected information and does not analyze it, relying on semantic connections between phenomena that exist in the context. A person with clip thinking has difficulty understanding the overall picture, and as a result, he perceives only fragmentary information that he is not able to compare with another. Let's take the simplest example - a person with a passion for politics is able to combine the news broadcasts they have watched into a big picture. A person who is not so much interested in this will not be able to understand the causes and effects of the phenomena, because they will appear to him as scattered, and he will not see the connections between them. A person with clip thinking does not see these connections, because his usual way of perceiving information does not allow them to form spontaneously. This is reflected in human activities. Thus, K. Rogers spoke about the connection between personal experience and behavior in phenotypological theory. He believed that human behavior determines his experience, namely the subjective interpretation of phenomena. He also supported the idea that a person behaves like an integral organism and cannot be reduced to separate parts of the personality. This means that the consequences of the dominance of clip thinking can be seen at all levels of an individual's existence. namely, the subjective interpretation of phenomena. He also supported the idea that a person behaves like an integral organism and cannot be reduced to separate parts of the personality.
In the article "Is Google Making Us Stupider?" Nicholas Carr notes that the transition from holistic thinking to clip-based thinking speaks of the fragmentation of consciousness.
In order not to become a hostage of clip thinking, a huge number of methods and trainings devoted to concentration of attention are being developed. Researchers suggest analyzing even seemingly obvious things on a daily basis. In this case, the most accessible method for us is reading. It allows you to see the entire context and offers the opportunity to analyze the information received yourself.
There is another technique developed by LI Yastrebova for the development of their own thinking. It is based on the "Analyze-Structure-Systemize-Synthesize-Analyze" work algorithm, which assumes:
- Analyze, namely, investigate the problem;
- Structuring, finding individual elements of a visible phenomenon, process, situation;
- Systematize, track the relationship of the received elements;
- Synthesize, try to see a single picture in the "interaction" of the found elements;
- Analyze, evaluate the result.
This mechanism is relevant for people of all ages. To understand it better, let's say you bought a Lego set. The first thing you start with, reading the instructions, is analysis. Then you lay out bricks to bricks, windows - separately, doors to doors, and so on - this is structuring. Synthesis - the realization that the wall should not be too small for windows to fit into it. After that, you collect a house from all the elements - this is a synthesis. And the last thing you do: evaluate the resulting structure, compare it with what was on the box.
So, it is not at all surprising that in the age of Instagram and Twitter, people find it easier to perceive short information or even just a set of pictures than to read long texts, perceive context or synthesize information from scraps. Some media have adapted to the changing rhythm of life and have learned to present information in the form in which the reader is most likely to notice it - less text, more funny pictures in the preview. Someone will ask: "Well, I only read news headlines and like to relax in the evening, leafing through VKontakte public pages, is it really so scary?" No, this is not scary, but attention, like the same muscles, needs training. As Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabri write in their book The Invisible Gorilla, or The Story of How Deceiving Our Intuitions are, if we only perceive superficial labels, attention will become scattered and it will be more and more difficult for us to assimilate new information. It is necessary to be able to adapt to the modern world and accept the conditions of the "game", without losing passion and desire to learn and analyze. Replacing Twitter with LiveJournal is already a huge progress in the fight against clip art. Modern technologies help us make life easier, simplify many tasks, but do we really need to simplify the work of our brain?
